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The effectiveness of Gestalt therapy and cognitive therapy to improve the quality of life of patients with Hypertension

919-922Full Text

Fahimeh Nazarzadeh and Safoura Foroutan*

Abstract
Background: Hypertension is one of the factors affecting the quality of life and the third leading cause of death in the world. This study compared the effectiveness of Gestalt therapy and cognitive therapy to improve the quality of life in patients with Hypertension was. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2015. The study population consisted of patients with a hospital Hypertension Millad Tehran. Using random sampling, quality of life questionnaire was conducted among 150 people. After scoring, randomized 15 patients in the experimental group and 15 patients were enrolled in the intervention group. 8 sessions of group counseling group practices Gestalt therapy and cognitive therapy were consolidated and the control group received no treatment. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. Results: The results showed that the quality of life, including physical health, mental health, the environment and social relations in the intervention group compared with the control group there was a significant difference (p <0.001). Conclusion: This study showed that the combination of group counseling practices Gestalt therapy and cognitive therapy to improve and enhance the quality of life of patients with hypertension in terms of physical health, mental health, the environment and social relations are effective.

The effectiveness of mindfulness training on psychological health in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy

923-927Full Text

Sama Sadat and Yalda Tangestani*

Abstract
This study aimed to assess the efficacy of mindfulness training on mental health of women with temporal lobe epilepsy in Tehran. Among women, 4 0 available sample method, were selected randomly in the experimental and control groups were tested. 8 sessions of mindfulness intervention in the experimental group were used and the results showed that mindfulness intervention compared to the control group in the pre-test - post-test and pre-test - follow-up on the mental health of women with epilepsy and score of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, aggression, and psychosis has been a significant decrease in post-test (p <0.01).

Identify the compounds in the oils of peppermint essential oil using Spectrometry, GC and G2C / MS

928-931Full Text

Ali rooeein* and Vahid Abdoosi

Abstract
Scientific name Mentha piperita Peppermint is one of the most widely used medicinal plants in addition to therapeutic effects as a flavoring in various food products used. In this study, after collecting and drying of leaves to water distillation (Hydro distillation) by Clevenger ((Clevanger apparatus essential oils extraction plant and identification of compounds was performed by GC-MS system. The resulting oil by GC and GC / MS were analyzed. Chemical components of each oil by spectroscopy, MS and comparable indicators with reliable sources revealed. 20 combinations were identified. compounds with the highest essential oil plant, Mentha piperita L comprised of Pecanol (kI = 1196) (3/30), Cripton (kI = 1185) (84/11), Trypene (kI = 1177) (76/20), respectively.

Study The Effect Of The Number Of Steps On Energy Dissipation Of Stepped Spillways In NonNappe Or Skimming Flow

932-939Full Text

Ebrahim Nohani*, bahram bahadoribirgani, Dariush Jalili and Sohrab Mirazizi

Abstract
One goal to use stepped spillway is to increase the intensity of energy dissipation along the weir, and thus reduce the size and number of stilling basin. The flow mechanism over these structures is complex, and many studies are ongoing to understand it around the world. In this study, we examined the effect of number of steps on energy dissipation. The results showed that increasing the number of steps in stepped spillway leads to increased relative energy dissipation up to a certain level. Then, it shows a declining trend. However, work in this area is dynamic, and changes in the future design criteria can be expected.

Systematic review of prioritization criteria for topics of HTA projects: suggestions for Iran

940-946Full Text

Reza Dehnavieh, Somayeh Noori Hekmat, Razieh Sepehrian*, Rahil Ghorbani Nia and Tahereh Sharifi

Abstract
Background: Despite a lot of number of HTA topics, the available resources for evaluating all health technologies are limited. Therefore, priorities have to be set. Regarding the need to prioritize based on clear principles and criteria, this study aimed to propose priority setting criteria for topics of HTA projects for Iran. Methods: This study was a systematic review of literature. An electronic literature search was performed across EMBASE, Pub Med and Google Scholar in English language in the time interval of December 2013 and January 2014. A questionnaire also was sent through email to the 20 members of Euro Scan. All the selected studies and the opinions of Euro Scan members were reviewed exactly, and the main concepts including the priority setting criteria were extracted. Results: Findings from 34 selected studies of the systematic review and the opinions of 6 members of Euro Scan indicated that there are differences in the priority setting criteria for topics of HTA projects among different agencies. Also, 49 Criteria for priority setting of topics of HTA projects were identified and divided in 5 categories. Conclusion: Due to resource constraints, and in order to clear prioritization of topics of HTA projects, and efficient allocation of resources, most frequent Criteria were proposed for use in the Iran's Ministry of Health based on the selected studies of systematic review and opinions of Euro Scan members.

Assessment and Reengineering of Counseling and Psychosocial Support maneuvers in Disasters with an emphasis on Local Structures in Marvdasht

947-952Full Text

Arezoo Zokaeefar, Leila Bagherpour, Masoumeh Foroutan, Firuzeh Namjouyan Shirazi, Hamidreza Eskash, Shabnam Mirbeigi, Marzieh Dousti*, Zahra Moqtaderi, Mostafa Mohseni

Abstract
The present study intended to assess and reengineer the MOHEB plan with an emphasis on local structures of Fathabad village. This was a descriptive and applied study. To collect data, observation and interview were used. This plan included both maneuver and workshop. Findings: MOHEB team, emergency team, province welfare organization crisis command staff (based on IMS), and Marvdasht welfare organization (based on ICS) were designed and localized. Conclusion: it is recommended that coping with disasters trainings become frequent in order to develop and maintain the readiness for facing disasters.

Making, reliability and validity of questionnaire are Identity elements in order to achieving of effective factors in place identifying (Case study of Mazandaran architecture experts)

953-962Full Text

Maede Sazgar* and Seyed Ali Seyedian

Abstract
One of the major concerns in today's world is identity achieving and particularly is accessing to the spatial identity in architecture and urban design.Accordingly various comments and various solutions have been proposed about the identity and lack of identity crisis to achieve and solve this issue.In this study, it is tried that according to study and investigate of scientists comments who worked on the identity issue, we gathered them then based on the specified literature we prepared a questionnaire and finally we prepared the dimensions and factors of identify. Then questionnaire was distributed among 140 students of architecture undergraduate, actually it was used by SPSS software and statistical analysis methods including item analysis (discrimination coefficient and loop method),the reliability and validity (factor analysis) and validation (Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole questionnaire and factors). 12 elements in factor analysis were identified : Vernacular architecture - Islamic principles, coordination of speech and thought, creativity (subject and object), links of courses, Religion orbital, principles and concepts, traditions and history, principle of culture, interests, shared values, needs of social and physical concepts. The validity of this questionnaire was obtained through Cronbach's alpha. In view of the results we can say that elements from this analysis can lead to identify and categorize of effective referrals to physical identification.

The effect of Vertical component of earthquake on the long span frames

963-966Full Text

Mohammad Hosein Hatamizadeh*, Abbas Akbarpour Nikghalb and Hossein Kazem

Abstract
Registered records in the near-by fault areas indicate sever vertical ground motion. The near areas’ earthquakes, due to their destructive effects , are distinguished from the far areas’ ones. The importance of this issue will be more noticeable in the seismic survey about long span frames. In this approach, the effect of vertical earthquake component on the long span frames is considered by simulating of 2 structures with different spans and by using Sap and Perform software. In such a way that at first we put structures under effect of vertical earthquake components and we measure the value of anchor, shear, axial force of column, crater fall etc. At next stage, we add horizontal earthquake component and then consider again mentioned values. By comparing, it is concluded that the vertical earthquake component had increasing role at above mentioned values.

Acute effects of dynamic and static stretching on muscle strength, power and endurance in untrained male subjects

967-971Full Text

Mohammad Jahanmahin, Arsalan Damirchi, Hamid Mohebbi and Mohsen Ebrahimi

Abstract
Purpose: On this basis, the purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of dynamic and static stretching on upper body maximal muscle strength, power and endurance in untrained male subjects. Methods: 12 untrained college-aged male (age: 23.17±4.06 years; hieght:175.17±5.55 cm; weight: 67.33±8.26 Kg; body fat: 16.67±1.82 percent;BMI: 21.78±2.13 Kg.m-2) in three different position of dynamic stretching, static stretching and non-stretching during three consecutive weeks by using strength, endurance and power tests in counterbalance method were be investigated. In each week three session of test with 48 hours intervals between sessionswere performed.Data with using of repeated measures and post hoc test with significant level of (P<0.05) were analyzed. Results: The results of the present study indicated that performing dynamic and static stretching during pre-exercise periodin comparision to non-stretching method significantly improved upper body performnce (muscular strength, endurance and power) in untrained subjects (P<0.05).Also, dynamic stretching in comparision tostatic stretching significantly increased three above mentioned factors (P<0.05). Discussion: The findings of current study showed that performing pre-exercise session dynamic stretching in comparision tostatic stretching significantly improved performance in these subjects.over all, this study suggested that performing stretching in this period can improves performance during an exercise bout. also advises untrained individuals who want to begin resistance exercises to use dynamic stretching in worm up period befor exercise bout.

The study of the impression of informal settlements on the situation of women society security (Case study: Mashhad, Bahonar town)

972-980Full Text

Rostam Saberifar*, Mohsen khakpour and Hosein Jangi

Abstract
Mankind over the eras and centuries, is always looking for determination against the existence of crime and social disorders and prevent it from happening. One of the important solution to prevent crime happening and create psychological security in urban area is to prevent by planning and skeletal structure designing. An appropriate and practical design which is made from skeletal structure is the one that will knock down chances of crime occurrence. Fear of crime and developing the quality of life is going to result in psychological security in environment. (Zarea, 2015, 1 the meaning of social security and feeling secured by citizens especially more vulnerable groups like women and girls in town areas can be referred to a good point in achieving an ideal city and far from urban injuries and social disorders. Urban planning approach with creating a safe area for citizens in addition to developing the quality of life and improving the women social role in the society, this could have a good impact on preventing environmental crimes. So the purpose of this article is to have a study on the impact of skeletal structure of informal settlements from women’s social security viewpoint. The method of this research, descriptive analytical, is based on field methods and questionnaire, the study First has been done by library and document studies used to check the theories related to security of urban spaces and (CEPTED) approach and then by field observing for reviewing women’s opinion regarding environmental security, also we utilized statistical analysis software (SPSS) to analysis and to provide findings. Results from questionnaires say that most women had understood their environmental security was very low and elements of skeletal structure known to be impressive and straight in developing the security level.

Investigation the effect of regular physical activity on test anxiety and procrastination in students

981-986Full Text

Rasoul Nasiri*, Iraj Mirkhan, Mohammad Jahanmahin and Younes Khademi

Abstract
Introduction: Among the major emotions that play an important role in the life of every student are test anxiety and procrastination. Test anxiety is an unpleasant feeling or emotional state in formal tests be experienced, and the procrastination define as habit in carelessness or laziness and delay or unnecessary cunctation. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of performing regular physical activities on test anxiety and procrastination in students. Methods: For these purpose 240 male and female students selected by randomly sampling, which 100 of them were selected from faculty of physical education and sport sciences, and the rest from the other faculties of University of Guilan. Results: the results of the present study indicated that there were significantly differences between the mean of test anxiety in athletes and non-athletes. Also, there were no significant differences between the mean of procrastination in athletes and non-athletes. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between test anxiety and procrastination in subjects. Discussion and Conclusion: findings showed that amount of test anxiety among the athlete students is very less than non-athletes. Therefore, suggests that we should motivate the student to doing regular physical activity in order to decrease the test anxiety.

Relationship practice religious beliefs and self- efficacy with competitive anxiety judo athletes

987-991Full Text

Zahra Poramin Moghadam*, Farshad Tojari and Abbas Khodayari

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between religious beliefs and selfefficacy with competitive anxiety judo athletes Iran. The research method applied study, according to descriptive and correlational research method and fieldwork were conducted to collect information, sample included 327 people were judoka. The sampling all of the research in this. used in this study included questionnaire (a combination of self-efficacy questionnaire and beliefs), the Haland (1998), self-efficacy Sheromadoks (1982) and anxiety Matez & etal competitive athletes (1990). As well as a demographic questionnaire, including gender, age, degree and duration of training hours questionnaires by physical education teachers validity and reliability through Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated. Statistical methods were used in this study primarily descriptive statistics for the analysis of frequency data, charting, and drafting table was average, and inferential statistics were used Pearson correlation and regression results Research showed faith and anxiety there is competitive athletes Judo Championships. But between religious beliefs with competitive anxiety judo athletes there is a significant positive relationship. The relationship between self-efficacy and anxiety there is no significant competitive judo athletes. But the usefulness of anxiety among competitive athletes in judo there is a significant relationship. And between self-efficacy and self-athletes in judo there is a significant relationship.

Study practice religious beliefs and self- efficacy in judo athletes

992-995Full Text

Zahra Poramin Moghadam*, Farshad Tojari and Sepideh Ghotnian

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between religious beliefs and selfefficacy in judo athletes Iran. The research method applied study, according to descriptive and correlational research method and fieldwork were conducted to collect information, sample included 327 people were judoka. The sampling all of the research in this. used in this study included questionnaire (a combination of self-efficacy questionnaire and beliefs), the Haland (1998), self-efficacy Sheromadoks (1982). As well as a demographic questionnaire, including gender, age, degree and duration of training hours questionnaires by physical education teachers validity and reliability through Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated. Statistical methods were used in this study primarily descriptive statistics for the analysis of frequency data, charting, and drafting table was average, and inferential statistics were used Pearson correlation and regression. results Research showed between religious beliefs and selfathletes in judo there is a significant relationship.

The study of the effect of the USA sanctions on Islamic Republic of Iran aviation industry

996-999Full Text

Mahdi Parsa and Saeed Mohammadi Sadegh*

Abstract
Aviation as one of the branches of transportation industry is the most booming industry in the world, and its growth is one of Accordingly, regarding the geographical and geo- it to be a main regional transportation hub in the region and play a major role in transits by the globally flights. The present study aims to investigate effects of sanctions imposed by the US on Iran's aviation industry. The main research question: What are the impacts of America's sanctions on the aviation industry? The first hypothesis: It seems that sanctions led Iran's aviation industry to lean to eastern bloc countries and has been the cause of self-efficiency and indignity. Despite the unfavorable impacts of the -first record on aviation accidents and human loss for several years, but gradually she could overcome and manage it as time passed by. The purpose of sanctions seemingly are deterrence, behavior change and retaliation, out of these three goals, we can say that the US sanctions on Iran's aviation could not deter, nor caused any visible change in Iran' s behavior, so they are just limited to retaliation and revenge against Iran.

Human Rights and plan of Europe Union for Reform in the Middle East

1000-1002Full Text

Abbas Moradi and Saeed Mohammadi Sadeq*

Abstract
The EU aspires to construct a global role for itself as a promoter of normative values and supporting human rights is one the most clearly established objectives in EU external relations. However, the effectiveness and appropriateness of the EU’s role in promoting such norms, as well as the tools it uses to promote its agenda, are disputed. Devising an appropriate human rights agenda in EU external relations is made more complex but perhaps more vital in regions of instability or conflict. In the shifting context of the post-Arab spring Middle East, the EU has had to adapt its speech, policies and priorities toward the region. The Arab uprisings have increased awareness of the violence that is repeatedly targeted towards individuals and communities apparently as a result of their religious identity.

The effect of different static stretch exercise on range of motion in female university students aged between 18 to 25

1003-1006Full Text

Leila Ghanbari

Abstract
Despite the vast volume of research on the effect of static stretch exercise on athletic performance, there is still controversy on this effect. The present study aims at investigating the effect of different static stretch exercise with different timings on range of motion (ROM) and knee extensors muscle strength in female students of Islamic Azad university of Astara. Methodology: the population consisted of 15 female students of physical education major chosen on an available population basis with the following average traits (22/6 ± 2/4 years old, 59/4 ± 1/8 kilograms, 160/8 ± 2/02 centimeters). Treatments were given to subjects every 2 to 3 days on a random basis and in 4 groups of exercises including 4 sets of 15 seconds, 4 sets of 30 seconds, 16 sets of 15 seconds and 16 sets of 30 seconds with static stretch exercise. The control condition on the other hand, consisted of 8 minutes rest. Both knee extensors and ROM were measured before and after the treatment or rest. Results: the results showed that the ROM was significantly increased in all static stretch exercises. It was further showed no significance difference between different exercise protocols in increasing ROM. Any of stretch exercises showed a significance decrease in quadriceps muscle strength, Neither. Never the less in control groups quadriceps muscle strength was significantly decreased (P< 0.05).Conclusions: short term stretch exercise protocols can increase the range of motion with no negative effects on knee extensors’ strength.

Effectiveness of sex mindfulness training on sexual satisfaction of married women

1007-1011Full Text

Reza Shiukhy Soqanloo*, Shahram Vaziri and Farah Lotfi Kashani

Abstract
Introduction: Sexual relationship has undeniable effect on health, life quality, welfare and life satisfaction of the couples. Thus, the aim of the present research is to verify the effectiveness of sex mindfulness training on sexual satisfaction of married women who are dissatisfied about their sexual relationship. Method: research plan is of half trial in pretest-posttest method with control group. Community of this survey includes all married women who are unsatisfied about their sexual relationship and approached to helper family counseling clinic of Tehran in 2015. They wanted to participate in training sessions of sexual mindfulness to recover their sexual relationship. Research sample was consisted of 25 women who were eligible to enter the test and have been selected by access sampling method on the basis of selection criteria. And were place randomly in to two groups of interference and control. Data collection tool was Larson sexual satisfaction questionnaire (1998). Data was analyzed by using SPSS (ver. 22) and by the method of covariance analyze (ANCOVA). Results and Discussion: Results obtained from this research showed that, sexual mindfulness training, significantly increased the sexual satisfaction of women`s interference group in post-test phase (24.8 ± 3.22), comparing to pre-test phase (24.4 ± 5.86). Conclusion: Sexual mindfulness training is effective in promoting the women sexual satisfaction. And this training can be used in improvement of women`s sexual relations.

Physiological characteristics of Medicago truncatula shoot growth from vegetative stage to fructification

1012-1018Full Text

El Msehli Sarra* and Aschi- Smiti Samira

Abstract
To develop more our knowledge on the model plant Medicago truncatula, we followed the shoot growth of inoculated plant from the vegetative stage to the fructification. The development of M. truncatula is characterized by a slow rhythm of growth. Once the plant satisfies their needs in nutriments, and especially in nitrogen via the symbiotic association, the matter production becomes more important. We register a decrease in the total soluble sugar beyond 4 weeks post inoculation (wpi). The fluctuation of the protein amount and the proteolytic activity reveal a change of the growth stage and indicate a remobilization of the plant reserve to sink organs. In addition, M. truncatula is characterized by a stability of the chlorophyll and potassium amount under control condition of growth. In fact, we register during the cyclical growth of M. truncatula a variation on the shoot calcium. The nitrogen elements change during the different stages of growth. This characterization of the physiological parameters of the development of this model plant presents a basis to study the molecular and the genes of different growth stages.

A Critical Analysis of International ELT Textbooks Based on CDA Methodology

1019-1024Full Text

Pourhassan Moghaddam M.

Abstract
The researcher is decided to do a critical discourse analysis of international EFL textbooks (based on Fairclough's 1989 Model). In this model, three dimensions of meaning namely relations, subject positions and content are analyzed. The results show that in case of relations, group of friends 36.6, group of monologue 25.5 and the group of classmates 14.28 have taken the first, the second and the third places respectively. Regarding subject positions, societal 72.44, occupational 14.28 and commercial 13.26 ranked first to the third respectively and in regard to content, interpersonal 38.77, entertainment 25.51 and occupational 8.16 took the first to the third places respectively. Based on the gender positioning analysis of the books, male-female group takes the first position showing a 65.30 frequency percentage. Altogether the data gathered reflect a neoliberalism, free market attitude towards writing international ELT textbooks.

Examine the relationship between strategic thinking aspects and entrepreneurship of General Department of Sport and Youth staff in Khorasan Razavi

1025-1029Full Text

SousanAskari and Seyyed Jafar Moosavi*

Abstract
The present study examined the relationship between strategic thinking aspects and entrepreneurial of Department of Sport and Youth staff in Khorasan Razavi. The aim of the study is applied, and the data collection is the cross - correlation. The population of this research is the General Department of Youth and Sport of Khorasan Razavi, a total of 180 people, including formal, informal, and the Sports Bureau. Due to the size of the population, sampling was carried out through a multi-stage cluster sampling, that of the total number of General Department of Youth and Sport of Khorasan Razavi, 160 people returned the questionnaires. To collect data, we used a questionnaire of strategic thinking aspects (Cellini Madonna, 1989) and entrepreneurship questionnaire (Marguerite Hill, 1996). The reliability of the strategic thinking of using Cronbach's alpha was calculated as follows: (Systematic approach: 84.83, focusing on target: 77.52, save time wisely: 88.48, thinking in time: 91.17, ahead of the hypothesis: 82.12), and the obtained reliability of Entrepreneurship questionnaire: 79.15. Descriptive statistical methods were used to calculate measures of central tendency and dispersion, and inferential statistics used for the Pearson test, inferential statistics to determine the normality of the data distribution is used KS test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient to assess the relationship between the data. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between the Systematic perspective, Intent focused, thinking in time, Hypothesis driven, and intelligent opportunism with Fostering entrepreneurial employees. And according to the results of this study, one way to increase entrepreneurship in Department of Sport and Youth staff has created five aspects in their strategic thinking.

The effect of group therapy on depression and rumination therapeutic sense of anxiety

1030-1034Full Text

Yalda Tangestani, Tayyebeh Ghafari Aghdam* and Sama Sadat

Abstract
Rumination, as persistent and recurrent thoughts, involuntary way into awareness and attention to the topics of interest and current goals, distorts. Ruminative response, the opposite of effective problem solving, structured and prevents behaviors that can help treat. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic sense to a group of patients with anxiety disorders was depression and rumination. Therefore, in a quasi-experimental study, 40 patients anxiety Psychology Clinic Tehran sampling method selected and randomly were assigned to two experimental and control groups. Groups before and after training, in terms of depression and rumination were tested. Multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the mean treatment on depression and rumination patients with anxiety problems, effective and seems harmless situations of anxiety and threat assessment, its focus on threats focus, so to selectively recall information and handling mind that is threatening. That therapy helps people learn to look at a more flexible, their destructive ideas and to discover and try to make them change their style of life change disaster.